EU ETS — Sector profile
Combustion
EU ETS verified emissions, free allocations, and compliance position for the Combustion sector. Covers 32 countries from 2005 to 2025.
32 countries · Activity codes: 10, 20 · 2005–2025 · Source: EEA
Verified 2025
637.28M
tCO₂e across all ETS countries
Allocated 2025
76.23M
total allowances allocated
Net position 2025
+561.05M
sector net buyer
Country breakdown — 2025
| Country | Verified (tCO₂e) | Allocated | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE | 177.60M | 12.22M | +165.38M |
| PL | 107.57M | 5.26M | +102.31M |
| IT | 63.92M | 6.66M | +57.26M |
| ES | 42.98M | 3.96M | +39.02M |
| NL | 36.17M | 6.18M | +29.99M |
| CZ | 32.48M | 2.67M | +29.81M |
| FR | 24.35M | 11.57M | +12.78M |
| IE | 21.43M | 3.37M | +18.06M |
| GR | 16.30M | 1.01M | +15.29M |
| RO | 13.53M | 1.60M | +11.93M |
| BG | 13.32M | 682.2k | +12.63M |
| BE | 12.72M | 2.36M | +10.36M |
| NO | 12.00M | 2.77M | +9.23M |
| HU | 9.34M | 2.24M | +7.10M |
| AT | 8.54M | 1.79M | +6.75M |
| SE | 8.23M | 4.27M | +3.96M |
| PT | 5.18M | 774.1k | +4.40M |
| SK | 4.86M | 414.3k | +4.45M |
| DK | 4.56M | 2.07M | +2.49M |
| FI | 3.58M | 1.88M | +1.71M |
| CY | 3.22M | 11.4k | +3.21M |
| MT | 2.69M | 228.2k | +2.47M |
| EE | 2.55M | 685.5k | +1.87M |
| SI | 2.50M | 161.9k | +2.33M |
| HR | 2.37M | 235.9k | +2.14M |
| XI | 1.94M | 0 | +1.94M |
| LV | 1.39M | 267.7k | +1.12M |
| LT | 1.05M | 488.1k | +560.0k |
| IS | 483.1k | 118.0k | +365.1k |
| LU | 444.9k | 285.6k | +159.3k |
| GB | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| LI | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Year-on-year trend
Peak verified emissions: 1554.30M tCO₂e in 2007
| Year | Verified (tCO₂e) | Allocated | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 637.28M | 76.23M | +561.05M |
| 2024 | 651.16M | 91.52M | +559.64M |
| 2023 | 704.06M | 102.69M | +601.37M |
| 2022 | 875.21M | 104.66M | +770.56M |
| 2021 | 846.23M | 107.97M | +738.26M |
| 2020 | 853.77M | 162.44M | +691.34M |
| 2019 | 1029.89M | 196.25M | +833.64M |
| 2018 | 1170.95M | 216.78M | +954.17M |
| 2017 | 1235.42M | 242.04M | +993.38M |
| 2016 | 1235.25M | 275.38M | +959.86M |
| 2015 | 1277.88M | 319.47M | +958.41M |
| 2014 | 1285.96M | 355.84M | +930.12M |
| 2013 | 1380.59M | 397.57M | +983.02M |
| 2012 | 1450.18M | 1382.20M | +67.98M |
| 2011 | 1378.39M | 1280.94M | +97.45M |
| 2010 | 1409.15M | 1261.75M | +147.40M |
| 2009 | 1376.08M | 1240.70M | +135.37M |
| 2008 | 1500.80M | 1232.61M | +268.20M |
| 2007 | 1554.30M | 1477.23M | +77.06M |
| 2006 | 1464.09M | 1426.37M | +37.72M |
| 2005 | 1452.25M | 1450.50M | +1.75M |
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