EU ETS — Sector profile

Iron and steel

EU ETS verified emissions, free allocations, and compliance position for the Iron and steel sector. Covers 22 countries from 2005 to 2025.

22 countries · Activity codes: 24, 25 · 2005–2025 · Source: EEA

Verified 2025

97.32M

tCO₂e across all ETS countries

Allocated 2025

123.08M

total allowances allocated

Net position 2025

-25.76M

sector net seller

Country breakdown — 2025

CountryVerified (tCO₂e)AllocatedGap
DE26.80M44.20M-17.39M
AT11.99M9.20M+2.79M
FR10.57M11.43M-859.9k
IT7.01M7.10M-88.9k
ES6.21M6.51M-300.1k
NL5.69M8.30M-2.61M
BE5.43M8.05M-2.62M
SE4.90M4.68M+222.4k
FI4.57M4.12M+455.9k
SK4.53M6.18M-1.64M
PL3.20M5.43M-2.23M
CZ2.62M3.42M-800.7k
NO2.24M1.90M+341.7k
IS333.8k383.6k-49.8k
LU304.8k260.8k+44.0k
RO280.9k1.08M-795.1k
SI184.1k152.4k+31.7k
PT139.3k114.8k+24.5k
GR133.1k266.9k-133.8k
BG121.1k97.0k+24.1k
HU41.6k193.4k-151.8k
HR6714.6k-14.6k

Year-on-year trend

Peak verified emissions: 160.84M tCO₂e in 2008

YearVerified (tCO₂e)AllocatedGap
202597.32M123.08M-25.76M
2024101.93M126.58M-24.65M
2023103.12M141.48M-38.36M
2022112.33M140.43M-28.10M
2021123.76M139.90M-16.15M
2020115.54M156.58M-41.04M
2019131.17M160.31M-29.13M
2018135.61M161.19M-25.58M
2017138.24M168.08M-29.84M
2016138.13M172.22M-34.10M
2015143.34M177.05M-33.71M
2014145.15M182.05M-36.90M
2013143.41M186.31M-42.90M
2012127.88M220.87M-92.99M
2011131.77M220.77M-89.00M
2010133.44M221.91M-88.48M
2009112.86M221.76M-108.90M
2008160.84M221.66M-60.83M
2007159.71M184.88M-25.16M
2006148.84M172.90M-24.07M
2005144.43M173.38M-28.96M

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