EU ETS — Country profile
NL — EU ETS Emissions
Verified emissions, free allocations, and compliance position for NL under the EU Emissions Trading System. Data covers 12 sectors from 2005 to 2025.
12 sectors · 2005–2025 · Source: EEA
Verified 2025
70.85M
tCO₂e across all sectors
Allocated 2025
32.67M
total allowances allocated
Net position 2025
+38.18M
net buyer
Sector breakdown — 2025
| Sector | Verified (tCO₂e) | Allocated | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| Combustion | 36.17M | 6.18M | +29.99M |
| Refineries | 10.39M | 8.07M | +2.33M |
| Chemicals | 9.13M | 7.55M | +1.58M |
| Aviation | 5.96M | 0 | +5.96M |
| Iron and steel | 5.69M | 8.30M | -2.61M |
| Hydrogen | 1.74M | 1.17M | +564.4k |
| Glass and ceramics | 915.2k | 682.0k | +233.2k |
| Pulp and paper | 601.0k | 480.9k | +120.1k |
| Cement and lime | 145.3k | 82.7k | +62.6k |
| Aluminium | 75.8k | 71.1k | +4.7k |
| Non-ferrous metals | 22.6k | 74.8k | -52.2k |
| Metal ore | 10.6k | 6.0k | +4.5k |
Year-on-year trend
Peak verified emissions: 96.47M tCO₂e in 2016
| Year | Verified (tCO₂e) | Allocated | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 70.85M | 32.67M | +38.18M |
| 2024 | 70.43M | 33.07M | +37.36M |
| 2023 | 61.58M | 38.02M | +23.56M |
| 2022 | 70.94M | 39.97M | +30.97M |
| 2021 | 75.81M | 40.37M | +35.44M |
| 2020 | 75.39M | 43.31M | +32.08M |
| 2019 | 86.66M | 44.40M | +42.27M |
| 2018 | 90.24M | 45.23M | +45.01M |
| 2017 | 94.24M | 45.89M | +48.34M |
| 2016 | 96.47M | 46.09M | +50.38M |
| 2015 | 96.43M | 48.49M | +47.94M |
| 2014 | 91.35M | 50.31M | +41.04M |
| 2013 | 89.15M | 50.71M | +38.44M |
| 2012 | 80.60M | 93.31M | -12.71M |
| 2011 | 79.97M | 88.83M | -8.86M |
| 2010 | 84.74M | 84.84M | -107.7k |
| 2009 | 81.03M | 83.83M | -2.80M |
| 2008 | 83.51M | 76.76M | +6.75M |
| 2007 | 79.87M | 86.48M | -6.60M |
| 2006 | 76.70M | 86.39M | -9.69M |
| 2005 | 80.35M | 86.45M | -6.10M |
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