EU ETS · IT · Refineries
IT — Refineries
EU ETS verified emissions, free allocations, and compliance position for IT in the Refineries sector, 2005–2025.
Activity codes: 21 · Source: EEA
Verified 2025
9.63M
tCO₂e
Allocated 2025
7.25M
total allowances
Compliance gap 2025
+2.38M
net buyer
All metrics — 2025
| Metric | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| 2. Verified emissions | 9.63M | tonne of CO2 equ. |
| 1. Total allocated allowances (EUA or EUAA) | 7.25M | units |
| 1.1 Freely allocated allowances | 7.25M | units |
| 4. Total surrendered units | 1.49M | units |
| 1.1.1 Free allocation to existing entities (Art. 10a(1)) | 7.25M | units |
| 2.1 EU-ETS Verified Emission | 9.63M | tonne of CO2 equ. |
| 2.1b EU-ETS Verified Emissions (expected, gap-filled for latest year) | 9.63M | tonne of CO2 equ. |
| 4.1 Surrendered EU allowances (EUAs and EUAAs) | 1.49M | units |
Year-on-year trend
Peak verified emissions: 18.45M tCO₂e in 2007
| Year | Verified (tCO₂e) | Allocated | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 9.63M | 7.25M | +2.38M |
| 2024 | 9.94M | 7.63M | +2.31M |
| 2023 | 10.45M | 7.02M | +3.43M |
| 2022 | 10.54M | 6.71M | +3.84M |
| 2021 | 9.85M | 7.69M | +2.16M |
| 2020 | 9.61M | 9.51M | +98.7k |
| 2019 | 11.36M | 9.71M | +1.65M |
| 2018 | 11.28M | 10.93M | +355.4k |
| 2017 | 11.70M | 10.11M | +1.59M |
| 2016 | 12.07M | 10.31M | +1.77M |
| 2015 | 12.28M | 10.39M | +1.89M |
| 2014 | 12.29M | 10.69M | +1.60M |
| 2013 | 12.79M | 11.89M | +904.6k |
| 2012 | 14.70M | 15.68M | -977.9k |
| 2011 | 16.26M | 15.34M | +916.0k |
| 2010 | 17.12M | 15.34M | +1.78M |
| 2009 | 16.34M | 15.34M | +1.00M |
| 2008 | 17.36M | 15.34M | +2.02M |
| 2007 | 18.45M | 19.00M | -553.7k |
| 2006 | 17.81M | 19.00M | -1.19M |
| 2005 | 18.44M | 19.00M | -563.5k |
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