Phosphorus recovery from waste water
Construction, upgrade, operation and renewal of facilities for recovery of phosphorus from urban waste water treatment plants (WWTP) (aqueous phase and sludge) and from materials (i.e. ashes) after thermal oxidation (i.e. incineration) of sewage sludge.
The economic activity only includes the facilities and processes that make phosphorus recovery possible, not the previous steps, such as waste water treatment or incineration facilities.
The economic activities in this category could be associated with several NACE codes, in particular E37.00, E38.32 and F42.99 in accordance with the statistical classification of economic activities established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006.
Substantial contribution
This activity can make a substantial contribution to the following objective(s). The activity must also pass DNSH assessment against the remaining five objectives.
✓ Circular economy
1. For the process integrated at the waste water treatment plant, covering typically phosphorus salts such as struvite–magnesium ammonium phosphate (NH4MgPO4∙6H2O), the phosphorus recovery process recovers at least 15% of the incoming phosphorus load. Only the harvested material, such as struvite, is counted for the calculation of this threshold.2. For down-stream recovery after sewage sludge thermal oxidation with chemical phosphorus recovery or after sewage sludge thermal oxidation with thermo chemical phosphorus recovery, the process recovers at least 80% of the incoming phosphorus load from the respective input material, such as sewage sludge ash.3. The phosphorus extracted out of the system is used either as a component material in a fertilising product compliant with Regulation (EU) 2019/1009 of the European Parliament and of the Council(38) or national fertiliser legislation where it is more stringent, or in another field of application where the recovered phosphorus fulfils specified functions in accordance with the respective regulations.
Do No Significant Harm criteria
To be taxonomy-aligned, this activity must not significantly harm any of the five objectives it does not substantially contribute to.
Climate change mitigation
N/A
Climate change adaptation
The activity complies with the criteria set out in Appendix A of the applicable Delegated Act.
Water and marine resources
The activity complies with the criteria set out in Appendix B of the applicable Delegated Act.
Pollution prevention and control
Key performance parameters, including a mass balance for phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and key environmental parameters in relation to the identity and quantity of emissions and waste streams generated, are monitored.
Biodiversity and ecosystems
The activity complies with the criteria set out in Appendix D of the applicable Delegated Act.
Criteria sourced from the EU Taxonomy Navigator. Applicable act: Climate Delegated Act (OJ L 442, 9.12.2021). Last verified: 19 July 2026.
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